Cataracts in dogs are a common eye condition where the eye's lens becomes cloudy, leading to impaired vision. This condition can occur due to various reasons, including genetics, age, diabetes, or eye trauma. In this blog post, our Lafayette vets share a little about cataract surgery for dogs and what you can expect if your dog has cataract surgery.
What are cataracts in dogs?
In each of your dog’s eyes, there is a lens similar to a camera lens. This lens focuses your pup's vision to provide clear sight. A cataract is when the lens becomes cloudy or opaque, which can interfere with your dog's ability to see clearly by preventing a clear image from being focused on the retina.
How can cataracts in dogs be treated?
Several treatments are available for cataracts in dogs, but the most effective one is cataract surgery. While no medications or dietary supplements can reverse cataracts, some treatments can help manage the symptoms or slow their progression. These treatments include:
- Anti-inflammatory eye drops: These can help reduce inflammation but do not remove cataracts.
- Nutritional supplements: These may support overall eye health but are not a cure.
- Cataract surgery: This is the only way to remove cataracts and restore vision.
What is the cataract surgery process for dogs?
Veterinary hospitals may have different procedures, but in most cases, you must drop off your dog either the morning of the surgery or the night before. If your dog has diabetes, special care is needed, and your vet will provide you with specific instructions about feeding and care before the surgery. It's important to follow your vet's instructions carefully.
Pre-Surgery Testing
- Before the surgery begins, your dog will be sedated, and an ultrasound will be performed to check for issues such as retinal detachment or rupture (bursting) of the lens. An electroretinogram (ERG) will confirm that your dog's retina works properly. If these tests turn up any unexpected issues, unfortunately, your dog may not be suitable for cataract surgery.
Surgical Procedure
- Cataract surgery will be performed under a general anesthetic. A muscle relaxant will also be administered to help your dog's eye sit properly for the operation. Cataracts in dogs are removed using a technique called phacoemulsification. This procedure uses an ultrasonic device to break up and remove the cloudy lens from the dog's eye and is the same procedure used in cataract surgery on people. Once the lens with the cataract has been removed, an artificial lens implant (intraocular lens, or IOL) can be placed in the eye to allow images to be focused on the retina.
Post-Surgery
- Typically, the vet performing your dog's ocular surgery will recommend that your dog stay overnight for monitoring following cataract surgery. Intensive at-home aftercare will be required following surgery, including using several eye drops daily.
Will my dog be able to see after cataract surgery?
After cataract surgery, many dogs will have some vision restored as soon as the next day, but it typically takes a few weeks for their vision to fully settle as the eye adjusts to the surgery and the artificial lens. When the rest of the eye is in good condition, cataract surgery in dogs is considered a very successful treatment with a high rate of positive outcomes.
Approximately 95% of dogs are estimated to regain vision soon after surgery. However, your vet can provide a long-term prognosis for your dog. Generally, maintaining vision after surgery is about 90% at one year and 80% at two years postoperatively. Good post-operative care, regular visits to the veterinarian for eye examinations, and ongoing monitoring are crucial for successful long-term outcomes following surgery and throughout your dog's life.
Are there risks with cataract surgery for dogs?
All surgical procedures involving pets or people come with some level of risk. Complications resulting from cataract surgery in dogs are rare, but veterinarians have observed some post-surgery complications, such as corneal ulcers and increased eye pressure. Taking your dog for a follow-up exam with the veterinary surgeon is essential to prevent any issues from developing after the surgery.
How long will it take for my dog to recover from cataract surgery?
The initial healing period following cataract surgery in dogs is approximately two weeks. Throughout that period, your dog must always wear an E-collar (cone) and restrict their activity to leash walks only. You must also administer many medications to your dog, including eye drops and oral medications. Carefully following your vet's instructions is essential for achieving a good outcome for your dog's vision.
Depending on the two-week follow-up appointment results, your dog's medications may be reduced; however, some dogs must remain on medication permanently.
How much is cataract surgery for dogs?
The cost of dog cataract surgery can vary depending on the clinic's location, the surgeon's expertise, and the case's complexity. It's important to discuss the cost of dog cataract surgery with your veterinarian to understand what is included in the price and whether there are any additional expenses.
Note: The advice provided in this post is intended for informational purposes and does not constitute medical advice regarding pets. For an accurate diagnosis of your pet's condition, please make an appointment with your vet.